@article{Muhlbauer2020,

title = {Open-Source OPC UA Security and Scalability},

author = {Nikolas M\"{u}hlbauer and Erkin Kirdan and Marc Oliver Pahl and Georg Carle},

doi = {10.1109/ETFA46521.2020.9212091},

issn = {19460759},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA},

volume = {2020-Septe},

pages = {262--269},

abstract = {OPC UA is widely adopted for remote-control in industrial environments. It has a central role for industrial control systems as it enables remote management. Compromising OPC UA can lead to compromising entire production facilities. Consequently, OPC UA requires a high level of security. Major commercial OPC UA implementations have compliance certificates ensuring that their security models obey the specification. However, open-source OPC UA implementations that have wide deployment mostly lack these certificates. In this work, we investigate the security models of the four most commonly used open-source implementations: open62541, node-opcua, UA-.NETStandard, and python-opcua. Furthermore, their scalabilities for the number of clients and OPC UA nodes are also analyzed.},

keywords = {OPC UA, open-source, scalability, Security},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}